Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability is diagnosed under the World Health Organisation as a person with significant cognitive impairment and adaptive behavior, with an onset occurring in the early developmental years. Children and adults with intellectual disability experience difficulties with learning physical and non-physical skills, and integrating fully into mainstream society.

There are many causes of intellectual disability. Some of these are genetic (such as Down’s syndrome and Prader Willi Syndrome) while others are acquired in the early developmental years (such as cerebral palsy). Intellectual disability physio is a popular treatment option used to treat intellectual disability.

Common challenges:

Behavioral inconsistencies
Low muscle tone
Reduced balance
Reduced strength
Reduced coordination
Reduced spatial awareness
Obesity

The role of the neurological physiotherapist in intellectual disability:

One of the most challenging things in working with people with intellectual disability is ensuring that they understand and have choice about the way in which they receive therapy supports, as too often this is ignored or not considered. As neurological physiotherapists with vast experience working with adults and children with a range of cognitive, psychological physical impairments, we will always try to understand others’ points of view, find creative ways to communicate and help them take charge of their own intellectual disability physiotherapy wherever possible.

As part of our training as neurological physiotherapists, we understand how adult and childhood disability can affect their physical health and also how it affects the way they age. From here we can help them and their family identify and anticipate therapy support needs, suitable equipment and levels of attendant support they will likely need to maintain their health and well being.

What our skilled therapists can offer for intellectual disability physio:

A consultation to understand what the person with an intellectual disability is looking to achieve or maintain
An assessment of their medical history and functional ability
Critical analysis of their movement preferences and postural control
Education on areas that are likely to improve and what steps can be taken
An attendant support or family supported home, pool or gym exercise program that suits their individual needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is intellectual disability?

Intellectual disability is a term used to describe when a person faces certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating, taking care of themselves, and social skills. These limitations will cause a child or adult to learn and develop differently

At what age can intellectual disability be diagnosed?

Intellectual disability is typically diagnosed in childhood, before the age of 18. Early detection and intervention are crucial for the best possible development.

What causes intellectual disability?

The causes can be varied, including genetic conditions, problems during pregnancy and birth, health problems, and environmental factors. Each individual’s case can have unique contributing factors.

How is Intellectual disability assessed?

Assessment involves a comprehensive evaluation that includes IQ testing and an assessment of adaptive behaviours, which are the skills necessary for day-to-day life.

Can people with Intellectual disability live independently?

Many individuals with intellectual disabilities can live independently or within a supportive setting, depending on the severity of their disability. Support services and life skills training can enhance independence.

Is there a cure for intellectual disability?

While there is no cure for Intellectual disability, early intervention, education, and therapy can improve skills and abilities in a patient significantly.

What support is available for people with intellectual disability?

Support ranges from educational programs and occupational therapy to social services and, in some cases, residential care. The exact support needed varies widely depending on the individual’s needs.

How can I support a loved one with intellectual disability?

Supporting a loved one involves patience, understanding, and advocating for their needs and rights. Engaging in educational programs and support groups can also be beneficial.

Are intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities the same?

While Intellectual disability falls under the broader category of developmental disabilities, not all developmental disabilities are intellectual disabilities. Developmental disabilities are a diverse group of conditions that occur due to impairment in physical, learning, language, or behaviour areas.

What is the difference between intellectual disability and learning disability?

Intellectual disability is a broader condition affecting intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour, while learning disabilities specifically affect the brain’s ability to receive, process, analyse, or store information, impacting learning in individuals with average or above-average intelligence.