Functional Neurological Disorder

Functional Neurological Disorder Treatment

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) has historically been classified as a psychological disorder, however the current consensus is to classify it as a broader neurological disorder that can have both sensory and movement related components. Symptoms related to FND can mimic different neurological or vestibular issues (e.g. stroke, dystonia, dizziness, or movement disorder) and may vary widely, however often the symptoms can fluctuate and this can make diagnosis and treatment challenging.

Sometimes people with FND can feel quite hopeless about potential to improve, especially if the condition is poorly understood by others around you. Improvement can be achieved through the right therapy, support and education.

Common challenges:

Paralysis
Stiffness
Loss of sensation
Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli
Change in walking pattern (or loss of ability to sit/ stand/ walk)
Dystonia and tremors
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
Pain
Sleep problems
Fluctuating symptoms

The role of the neurological physiotherapist in FND:

Neurological physiotherapists are physiotherapists with additional training and expertise in treating problems related to the brain, spine and nerves, as well as an understanding of how the body can respond physically to psychological stimuli (as seen in FND).

Evidence suggests that neurological physiotherapy should be included in the multi-disciplinary approach to treating FND. A tailored neurological rehabilitation program designed by neurological physiotherapists can assist you in retraining normal movement and increasing your ability to perform tasks independently again. We can provide strategies and therapies to help you achieve your goals.

The importance of holistic functional neurological disorder treatment

When it comes to treating a disorder like functional neurological disorder, getting assistance from a team of multidisciplinary professionals including an FND therapist is crucial. This is to ensure you receive the best result possible for your functional neurological disorder.

Having functional neurological disorder specialists look at the problem with a holistic manner unpacks precipitating, maintaining and risk factors likely to impact your current health and well-being. Functional movement disorders can be well managed by physiotherapists who understand the role of distraction, attention, inhibition, mirroring and weight bearing to improve your ability to transfer, walk and move more freely.

At Klint Neuro, we make it a priority to work together with you to ensure optimise your outcome. Our functional neurological disorder clinic can help you bring best practice and other health professionals into the picture to arrive at more positive treatment outcomes. Our FND physios receive additional training and skills to navigate your unique set of challenges and devise practical strategies that work.

What our skilled therapists can offer:

Give you an opportunity for you to describe your symptoms fully
Provide a clear explanation on what may be happening to your body
Assess and work out strategies to minimise your symptoms

Provide cues, methods and ideas on how to control your symptoms
Prescribe and grade an appropriate home exercise program
Measure progress and assist in community reintegration

Frequently Asked Questions

What is functional neurological disorder?

Functional Neurological Disorder is a complex condition where patients experience neurological symptoms without a traditional structural disease process. It encompasses a wide range of symptoms, including movement disorders, paralysis, tremors, and speech issues, which are genuine but arise from a problem in the nervous system’s functioning rather than its structure.

How is functional neurological disorder diagnosed?

Diagnosing Functional Neurological Disorder involves a comprehensive evaluation that includes a neurological examination, patient history, and often, neuroimaging tests to rule out other neurological conditions. The diagnosis is primarily clinical, focusing on the presence of specific signs that are characteristic of FND.

What causes functional neurological disorder?

The exact cause of Functional Neurological Disorder is not fully understood, but it’s thought to involve complex interactions between physical, psychological, and environmental factors. Research suggests that it may involve the way the brain processes information, leading to the development of symptoms.

Can functional neurological disorder symptoms be controlled?

Yes, many individuals with Functional Neurological Disorder can achieve symptom control or significant improvement through a combination of therapies. These may include physical therapy, psychological interventions like cognitive-behavioural therapy, and sometimes medication to manage associated symptoms like pain or anxiety.

Is functional neurological disorder considered a psychological disorder?

While Functional Neurological Disorder involves the way the brain functions, it is not purely a psychological condition. It’s recognized as a neurological disorder that can be influenced by psychological factors, but its management often requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Are the symptoms of functional neurological disorder real?

Absolutely. The symptoms of Functional Neurological Disorder are very real to the patient and can be severely disabling. They are not imagined or produced intentionally, and patients with FND require and deserve appropriate medical care and support.

Can stress cause functional neurological disorder?

Stress and emotional distress can trigger or exacerbate FND symptoms in some individuals. While not the sole cause, stress is recognized as a significant factor that can impact the severity and presentation of the disorder.

How common is functional neurological disorder?

FND is among the most common conditions seen in neurology clinics. It is estimated that it is as prevalent as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease, making it a significant health concern.

Is there a cure for functional neurological disorder?

There is no one-size-fits-all cure for FND, but many patients can achieve significant improvement or remission of symptoms with tailored treatment plans. Ongoing research aims to better understand the disorder and develop more effective treatments.

Where can patients find support for functional neurological disorder?

Support for FND is available through various channels, including healthcare providers specializing in neurology, physical and psychological therapy services, and patient advocacy groups. Online resources and support groups can also provide valuable information and a community of individuals who understand the challenges of living with FND.